BM M0032 at my primary school

This is my primary school but there are many chances especially this 3 storey buildings. In those day, 80-an. There were 2 row of buildings. One was wooden class rooms for standard 1 to 3 which have been replaced by the above buildings. The opposite site of this wooden class room was concrete 2 storey classroom for standard 4 to 6. I did not realise that there is a bench mark inside my school (because I was not land surveyor during there period) until last 3 years I found it inside the school compound. The bench mark is M0032 and reduce level is 3.366m.

恭喜发财-Gong Xi Fatt Chai

MelakaSurveyor wish "新年快乐 , 恭喜发财" to all the chinese especially surveyor.

Clarification of GNSS test

According to JUPEM circular 1/2008-Appendix A1, there are two methods to carry out GNSS calibration. We can either use tribrach or mount the GNSS gadget onto the pillar screw. I did discuss with District Surveyor on this issue because initially we understand that the antenna height should measure from the GNSS gadget’s marker to the survey station. Thus, we also applied the same concept measured the antenna height from the marker to the pillar and subsequently to the top of the screw. However, we still unable to get the acceptable result when compare with JUPEM reference.  

The kindness of the District Surveyor has explained to me the content of this circular. The antenna height should measure according the below diagram. 

 Please take note that antenna height will be negative which equal to the height of the screw.

The second clarification is regarding the comparison of coordinate especially the ellipsoid height. I did 3 pillar on yesterday (minimum requirement) and result showed the differences in latitude and longitude were within 3cm and JUPEM circular 1/2008 under "Ujian cerapan statik berkala" 4.3.9 stated that the tolerance must less than 3cm in North/east and 6cm in height difference.

The three (3) pillars observation on yesterday showed that the difference ellipsoidal height more that 6cm. District Surveyor emphasized that the statement is on comparison between coordinate of epoch and not to the reference JUPEM coordinate. If we need actual height then we need to refer to geodesy department to get the geoid height "N" correction. It sounds positive to me but my friend measure from the marker to the top of screw and able to get tolerance result. I do not how to describe it!

How to plant mark with tripod

It is an easy task for most the cadastral surveyor and cadastral's mandore/labour. I just jot down this note because I believe in future, this method will be extinguished similar when I was in Sarawak in year 1996. Sarawak survey team were using jungle wood as reference point to replace prism in jungle survey. Thus, no people will be at the back to collect the RO. The survey labour just cut three (3) jungle woods and make like tripod. I remember they will sharpen one jungle wood and put in the center of this temporary tripod. The interesting part is the sharpen point will match with the station point. How to do it? Sorry, I do not know, Sarawak surveyor should able to share with us.

Tripod, tribrach and prism are the main components for this topic.

Tripod

1. The tripod should in good condition and the leg length is ease to adjust.
2. The head of the tripod must flat for stability of the mounted prism.
3. Impact of the stability of tripod very depending on each screw on the tripod.

Tribrach

1. We are using tribrach with optical plummet in this case, even through there are tribrach with laser plummet or oldest tribrach used plumb line. Tribrach used plumb line is more easy to plant mark because we are able to position the point accurately but slower to set up.
2. The three (3) screw of the tribrach must have bigger gap to move around when the head of the tripod is not flat especially tripod set at unstable area such like edge of the earth drain.
3. It is an art of moving these three (3) screws of the tribrach. We are using two (2) hands. One hand is using 2 fingers and the others one is using 1 finger. There is a pattern for centering. These three fingers should move concurrently. The 2 fingers either move inward or outward and the other one finger should move up & down. See how the bubble move then adjust the screw accordingly.

Prism

1. The prism has been calibrated
2. Unloose prism is not advisable to use

How to set?

1. Surveyor will give direction by open the bearing.
2. Clear the observation line if there is obstruction such as leaf, grass, branch and etc.
3. Mount the prism on top of tripod and get the approximate distance from surveyor.
4. Move to the direction and surveyor need to tell the labour to move forward or backward by certain distance.
5. Labour should know how long his foot. Normally Asian is 0.3meter. If the distance is 0.6 meter then the labour just move according to his length of his foot.
6. Then set the tripod on the approximate point. The head of the tripod must as flat as possible. The approximate point can be marked with wood or any marker. This temporary point is the place where we need to dig and plant the boundary mark.
7. Tread all three legs into the grass, bitumen, concrete or etc.
8. One of the Tripod's leg must facing to theodolite. The purpose is to adjust the distance either backward or frontward.
9. The other two leg are to adjust left & right.
10. Look through the optical plummet and using the thumbscrews put the cross hairs back over the temporary point as mentioned on statement 6.
11. Adjust the level of the tribrach by slackening the tripod screws and sliding the legs.
12. Re-center the cross hairs using the thumb screws then fine tune the level using the the tripod legs.
13. Once the tribrach is nearly centered over the temporary point, level the tribrach by using the thumbscrews.
14. Slacken the tribrach from the tripod head and slide it the last 4-5mm so that it is centred over the approximate point and level.
15. If the distance is within 10mm then we just adjust the tribrach. Else we need to adjust the tripod length. Distance more than 0.1 meter then you need to adjust back the temporary point as mentioned on statement 6. This is because the thumbscrews can not adjust up to 0.1meter.
16. Always used leg lengths for centering and attempt minimum use of thumbscrews.  

Conceptualization

Cadastral survey is a not difficult task if you understand the concept behide of this survey. Even through lecturer in university or kolej tough this subject but most of the students can not merely understand how to apply in field work. JUPEM circular regarding cadastral is available but no many people can totally understand the content.

Academic is vital but cadastral surveyor can be trained if the person is wiling to learn especially those involved in cadastral survey. Yesterday, I read an encyclopedia regarding brain. There is no brainless human in this world. Some people can not afford to further their study due to many factors such as opportunity, financial, environment and etc. According to this encyclopedia, brain can be an useful weapon if we know how to utilize it with condition we need to polish it. It will be a “sharp weapon” if we polish it frequently. So, how to “polish” our brain? The answer is KNOWLEDGE.

When we are equipped with knowledge and explore to the real job, then subsequently we are gaining experience in field. Experience is the main “Guru” in any subject. There is no great/perfect “Guru” in cadastral survey. You need to master the cadastral survey start with how to set tripod. There is an art of setting tripod. Look simple but many young surveyors can not able to plant mark with tripod even in flat area. It is a nitty-gritty in presently. Once you have master the basic skill in land survey and understand concept of cadastral survey. By the time, you should able to know what is datum, baseline, refixation and relevant issue regarding cadastral survey. Cadastral survey will be a rice bowl for you and forever.

Common seal

This post is regarding the application of state land under “Jadual 1- Kanun Tanah Negara”. Even through the application have modern company seal and witnessed by commission of oat. It still do not fulfill the application requirement. Land office still requested the common seal. What is common seal?

Common seal also known as corporate seal or company seal. According to wikipedia,

“Traditionally, the common seal was of some legal significance because the affixing of the seal signified that the document was the act and deed of the company, whereas when a document was merely signed by a director, then that deemed to be an act carried out on behalf of the company by its agents, which was subject to applicable restrictions and limitation under the ordinary law of agency.

Common seal are generally only used for 2 (two) purposes by corporations today:-

• Documents which need to to be executed as deeds (as opposed to simple contracts), may be executed under the company's common seal
• Certain corporate documents, for example share certificates are often issued under the company seal (and some countries required that share certificates be issued under the common seal)”

The application was rejected and I immediately took action to solve it on the same day. Our client asked me to get the common seal from his company secretary. Initially, I wonder why the lady brought big staple for me. She just passed the common seal to me and I did not how to use it. Finally, the lady helped me. There is a handle for this common seal, we just press and the seal will leave impression on the paper. Usually, a red wafer is used to imitate old red seals, and to make the sealing show up better on photocopies which I can see in my license certificate.

The implementation of common seal on apply on company and no to personal application. Basically, we need below details to fill the form “Jadual 1”:-

1. Company details
2. Application plan
3. Purpose of application
4. Details of land, example : Mukim, location, area and etc

Please take note that we need to attach with Form 24 & 49 and Company resolution which can be obtained from company secretary during submission.

SOP of cadastral survey in E-cadastral environment

Note:

1. This SOP apply only at NDCDB area.
2. This SOP divided into 3 parts:-
   1. Lot application,
   2. Field work and
   3. Submission of 16ACII files to JUPEM2U

Lot application through JUPEM2U

1. Once the layout plan and precomp plan have been approved with payment to LJT. In this stage, PT's reference have been issued and we are able to apply lot from JUPEM through JUPEM2U website.
2. As previously we are requested to submit 3 (three) JUPEM ASCII files (*.pud, *.pub & *.pul) but with NDCDB coordinate. It is advisable to copy/print out all the NDCDB coordinate for each boundary marks for the lot and keep in the file.
   1. We need to key in 3 known NDCDB coordinates during processing. These 3 known coordinates are from the baseline.
   2. Coordinate NDCDB will be updated according the need of the present system.
3. Reference number 800 from LJT is compulsory in JUPEM2U system to ensure the payment has been settled before issue of lot. This reference can be extracted from eljt website. Just ignore the message that telling us that the series number less than 9 digits.
4. Vital documents needed in the attachment are:-
   1. Approved layout plan (We are able to scan A2 size plan into 2 parts but need to define it as page 1 & 2)
   2. Approved precomp plan
   3. Letter from PTG or land office (Please kindly ensure we need to attach the whole set of documents from 1^st page until last page where usually has “Pengarah” signature.
   4. Sijil Akuan from LJT is compulsory when attach the 3 JUPEM ASCII files.
   5. Approved application form (all the pages need to scan)
   6. Please kindly define the attach documents during attachment which located beside the attachment files.
5. Presently we are able to generate 3 (three) JUPEM ASCII files either by Mapinfo or LSP program. Please ensure the starting point is NDCDB coordinate if you are using existing precomp dwg. Please bear in mind that there is a gap or misclosure. Just drag the last point to the starting point due to previous accuracy of survey. Do not throw the misclosure at proposed/new boundary.
6. We are ready the submit the application to JUPEM when above procedure followed and do not forget to select the file before click the send button. The application can not be officially reached to JUPEM even all the data/scanned documents in the JUPEM2U system. JUPEM will not issue the lot number if no selection on the file and the file will pending in the system with accumulation of days.

Field work

7. Checklist of instrument is essential before start the field survey. Ensure the survey instruments such as tripod, prism and etc are fit/compatible in field. EDM test still valid during the survey.
8. Upload the precomp data into your survey system. (Please kindly define the coordinate for the purpose of sun observation computation by the system)
9. Mental and physically should fit especially field surveyor. Rest early if need to travel long journey on the following day.
10. Start the survey task as early as possible unless need to travel long journey. There are few advantages:-
    1. Fresh air on early in the morning and human being are more active than working under hot sun.
    2. Carry out sun observation on morning if permit to get azimuth.
    3. Cost involve for the party per day including meal, hotel (out-station), fuel, tol & etc. It is not economic to work for few hours per day except heavy downpour or unexpected conditions.
11. Identity the lot with GPS info. It is better search in google map/earth where this smart web able to direct us to the site. Previously, we need to refer to land owner or ask people to locate the lot which time consume.
12. When we able to locate the lot by handheld GPS or others method. We can immediately carry out sun observation if the altitude still within limit. This sun observation line can be starting of the traverse and DFT on this line.
13. The coordinate of sun observation can be adopted the handheld GPS coordinate, please bear in mind that the system has been converted the long/lat into present coordinate.
14. This line not less than 50m and DFT must less than 10mm.
15. Vertical angle should read circle right and left to get the collimation of instrument. Should be less than 20”
16. The datum can start by a few methods
    1. Sun (Azimuth can be computed on the spot without using calculator)
    2. Compass Bearing (to the nearest degree)
    3. Assume bearing
    4. From PA value where station on the old marks
    5. CRM (The latest technology in e-cadastral environment)
17. Once define the datum, all the observation will digitally record into the survey system. Limitation of circle right with left is no more than 20”.
18. Distance can not more than 5mm and no accept by the system.
19. The traverse should follow close-wise.
20. Observe all the existing old marks and attempt the find the old marks which bury deep in the ground. We do not want when we replace new boundary mark on this old position and find the old mark. Computation need to re-calculate especially the area and on-line mark position.
21. The perfect/accuracy of survey depends on
    1. EDM of total station (Ask the instrument dealer/supplier tune the instrument if find the EDM out from the expected limit.)
    2. Tripod should in good condition. Never neglect even one small screw on this tripod. Maybe due to this small screw and cause you can't get 20” difference in bearing reading. You bubble always out especially on softy ground.
    3. Tripad
    4. Prism
22. Please bear in mind that observation of bearing & distance will determine the perfect of your survey network.
23. Centering & levelling is vital in field work. If one station no well center or level, deep impact when close bearing. Criteria of close bearing should 15”√n (n is total station) or 1' 15” for station not more than 25. Sun observation need to carry out before reaching station 25 to get correction of azimuth.
24. If datum start with PC, field surveyor need to apply meridian correction to look for old mark.

Office-computation

25. Baseline computation able to calculate on field but it is better to work at office or home.
26. Baseline is comparison between new survey with PO value from mark to mark.
27. One baseline in survey is rotation and scaling. The third marks is for checking. Please kindly differential between bearing & angle in baseline concept.
28. Selection of baseline is important for refixation purpose. Always look for longer baseline than short baseline unless the baseline is perfect.
29. In the e-Cadastral system. Least square adjustment (LSA) is applied and we need to adopt 3 known points and define in LSA before able to process.
30. Currently, we still carry out the survey as traditional method but need to define 3 known marks for LSA processing. The 3 known points is baseline marks.
31. Data with lower bound and pass in chi-square statistic analysis is able to upload into JUPEM2u system. Upper bound data can not upload to the JUPEM2U system.
32. First class traverse which minimum 1 in 8000 should pass the statistic analysis. Upper bound can be due to
    1. NDCDB coordinate
    2. Distance of traverse
    3. Bearing of traverse
33. Precomp area should key in during processing software.
34. No PA requested in e-cadastral system. Just submit the 16 JUPEM ASCII files as previous and one edm file from SPAK. Total should be 17 files.

This SOP is just a guild line and it still can be updated. Please kindly look at the e-cadastral circular for more details.

Happy New Year 2012

MelakaSurveyor take this opportunity to wish all the visitors -12 months of happiness, 52 weeks of fun, 365 days of success, 8769 hours of good health, 52600 minutes of good luck, 3153600 seconds of joy. Happy New Year 2012.

The second message to all the land surveyors either LLS or freelance in Malaysia especially in Melaka. According to my Topcon Dealer, lately there have been many robbed cases on total station when working / surveying. It happened on day time. Robbers are in a ground, Indian. (Sorry, my Indian’s friends). Just be more cautious.

Title search

One of my customers requested me to apply a state land in front of his temple due to a certain reasons. He has purchased the standard sheet for me and according to him; the government has acquired the land. I looked at the standard sheet and noticed that there is a lot number for this mentioned particular lot. I advised him to do a title search before we can confirm that this piece of land has been acquired by state government. He passed this task to me since myself able to assist him.

On the following day, I went to PTG, Melaka since the lot is located at Melaka Town. There are two land departments in this yellow-building. Ground floor is land office Melaka where this department in-charge of Grant Mukim and first floor is PTG (Pejabat Tanah & Galian) where the department in-charge of grant register.

 I straight went to second floor to buy the title search with the standard sheet given by my client; instead of going to 1^st floor to find out the title number. My right hand told me that he has tested to do a search in Muar by lot number and the land office in Muar unable/unwilling to assist him. I do not believe and using my latest status to get task done.

I reached 2^nd floor quite early and immediate a young lady officer entertained me. A good looking pretty Malay officer attempted to search in her computer database. No result from the computer database but she went inside to help me to search in old book since this is old lot. Finally, she came back and apology because unable to locate the file based on lot info. I cannot blame her because the land management system is poor before implementation of e-cadastral. She in good manner referred me to 1^st floor to get the title reference.

I went down the 1^st floor and a male officer very kind to assist me. Later part I just realized he is the SO. When he looked at the standard sheet, he immediately said the land has been acquired and he able to give me the title reference for me to do the search. The reference number is something starts with DSPN/IR 30.

I went to 2^nd floor again with the title reference given by SO. Then again failed to detect the file where an officer showed the old register book. The particular page is missing from the register book. He referred me checked the land status at ground floor (land department?) Land department also don’t how to search because no system available to detect the file. Finally, an elder female officer asked me to check at Tax department either this land still pay the tax or no. Tax department also no record in their database.

What is conclusion? We cannot do title search if the government acquire the land?

  

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